
So far we have discussed Refusal and Resistance in a Christian, Natural law framework. If you thought that was too controversial then you should probably skip this post and come back later this week when I change channels and start talking about Indiana’s idea of a good education.
Civil disobedience arises out of a Higher Law framework of political theory. That same framework that starts with a right to refuse does not end with the right to resist. It goes all the way.
Pagans just cannot get it, just did not get it historically. Man’s law was to be brutally enforced, no “civil disobedience” allowed. As one of paganism’s best leaders said,
If you must break the law, do it to seize power: in all other cases observe it.
Julius Caesar
Sounds much like Samuel Johnson’s quip, later embellished upon by Bob Dylan , that goes like this:
“They say that patriotism is the last refuge to which a scoundrel clings; Steal a little and they throw you in jail; Steal a lot and they make you king.”
- Bob Dylan (from “Infidels” album, the cut “Sweetheart like you.”)
Christian jurisprudence believes that good government can exist, and holds government to high standards for that very reason. We acknowledge Dylan’s cynicism, but believe that imperfect men can govern ethically through the Light of Reason and Revelation.
But what happens when good government goes bad. Very bad. As in rejects the Truth and advances many lies.
Here are the ancient and accepted steps that the Christian Church has developed for addressing such apostacy among those who rule over us:
401. The Church’s social doctrine indicates the criteria for exercising the right to resistance: “Armed resistance to oppression by political authority is not legitimate, unless all the following conditions are met: 1) there is certain, grave and prolonged violation of fundamental rights, 2) all other means of redress have been exhausted, 3) such resistance will not provoke worse disorders, 4) there is well-founded hope of success; and 5) it is impossible reasonably to foresee any better solution”.[824] Recourse to arms is seen as an extreme remedy for putting an end to a “manifest, long-standing tyranny which would do great damage to fundamental personal rights and dangerous harm to the common good of the country”.[825] The gravity of the danger that recourse to violence entails today makes it preferable in any case that passive resistance be practised, which is “a way more conformable to moral principles and having no less prospects for success”.[826]
*** End of citation to the Compendium.
Some will find this ironic: The above quote was published by the PONTIFICAL COUNCIL FOR JUSTICE AND PEACE. It would appear that the Vatican supports your right to bear arms, at least under certain circumstances.
If you find the idea of justice and peace difficult to reconcile with armed resistance and the overthrow of oppressive regimes then may the Institute suggest that it could be that you lack a sense of history. America’s Founders had no problem with it. They sought peace and justice through rebellion, after having listed their grievances in a document, the Declaration of Independence, that passes review under the framework set forth above.
It is interesting to ponder whether the British Monarchy’s break with Rome under King Henry VIII tracked with the above teaching. That set off such a firestorm of controversy and convulsions that shook Christendom to its very core. Did the initial break follow or reject longstanding Christian teaching?
Not all rebellion is Godly rebellion. But there is such a thing as Godly rebellion. See II Kings 9 as but one fine example.
If the eschatology most common in the Church is correct then the Church ends up in a situation in which all of the above criteria will be met.
In that case Godly rebellion should be discussed and studied, even if quite controversial.
We serve a Risen King. Let the governments of Earth take notice. See Psalm 2.